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Introduction:
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Grid System (Geographic
Coordinates)
Angular Measurement (Methods of Expressing Direction)
- Angular Distance
Locating A Place On Earth
-
Stating Your Position
Latitude & Longitude
(Latitude) - Equator
(Longitude) - True North
(Longitude) - Prime Meridian
(Longitude) - International Date Line
Grid Lines (Grid North - South) & (Reference Lines)
- Agonic Line
Map Types:
(Cartographers) (Base Maps)
Thematic
Topographic, Relief, & Planimetric
Aerial Maps
Nautical Maps
Ordering Maps
Map Features:
(Name & Date)
Bar Scale
- American
- Canadian
Symbols
- Land Use
- Land Cover
- Steering Marks (By Day & By Night)
Map Contours
- Index Lines
- Contour Lines
- Map Profile (Plotting
River Elevation)
- Direction Of Flow
- Contour Interval (CI)
Azimuth (& Back Azimuth)
- With A Protractor (Determining Grid Azimuth)
- With A Compass (Polar Coordinates)
Variation Diagram
Using Maps:
(Folding)
Preparing & Protecting
Three North's
- Magnetic Variation
- North America
- Europe
- World
Measuring
Distances
- By Estimation
- Rifle or Cannon Flash
Method
- Height & Width
1 Finger Method
2 Height: BSA: Stick
Method, Felling Method
&
Width: BSA: Salute Method, Stick Method, Compass Method
- Pacing
- Range Estimation
- Distance
- Count
- Factors To Consider
Traveling On Course
- Straight Line Walking
- Straight Line Deviation
Without A Compass
- Traveling
- Bypassing Obstacles
The Compass:
The History
Buying One
Compass Rose
Dial Graduations
Compass Methods:
Finding Direction
- The Sun
- BSA: Watch Method
- BSA: Shadow-Stick
Method
- BSA: Equal-Length
Shadow Method
- The Moon
- BSA: Shadow-Stick
Method
- The Stars (Polaris: The Pole Star - BSA: The
North Star Method)
- Belt Of Orion
- By Nature
- Trees & Plants
- Wind
- Animals & Insects
- Snow
- Sea Ice
- Hills & Rivers
- By Senses
- Your Ears
- Your Nose
- Signs Used By Indians
Types of Compasses (Protractor & Sun Dial)
- GPS
Making a Compass
- Sun Dial
Compass Use:
(Starting Point of Orientation)
Handling a Compass
Taking a Bearing (Stating Your Bearing)
(Types of Compasses) - Centerhold Technique
(Types of Compasses) - Cheek Method
(Types of Compasses) - In Low Visibility or At
Night
Orienting the Map (Map Importance)
Map With Compass
- Inclination
- Declination (Method By Stars)
Intentional Error
Bypassing Obstacles
Lost!
Triangulation (Finding Your Position)
Relocating A Fishing Spot
Dead Reckoning (With A Map & Without A Map)
Sun-Horizon Method
Latitude & Longitude
Magnetic North Pole
Compass Rose
Compass Reading
Lensatic Compass
Compass on a Map
Altimeter
Global Positioning Systems (GPS)
Intentional Error
Polar Coordinates
Variation
True North
Moon Navigation
Star Navigation
Belt of Orion
Finding North
Direction with Watch
Navigation by Nature
Anthill Signposts
Direction by Odors
Dead Reckoning
Straight Line Walking
Pacing Distance
Map Scale
Ground Distance
Topographic Maps
Contour Lines
Orienteering
Care of Maps
Types of Slopes
Ridge
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